Elixir is an open source programming language created in 2011 by Josรฉ Valim.
git clone https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir| #34on PLDB | 13Years Old | 89kRepos |
Elixir is a functional, concurrent, general-purpose programming language that runs on the Erlang virtual machine (BEAM). Elixir builds on top of Erlang and shares the same abstractions for building distributed, fault-tolerant applications. Elixir also provides a productive tooling and an extensible design. Read more on Wikipedia...
IO.puts("Hello, world!")
#!/usr/bin/env elixir
IO.puts "Hello World"
# Hello world in Elixir
defmodule HelloWorld do
IO.puts "Hello, World!"
end%{"cowboy": {:hex, :cowboy, "1.0.0"},
"cowlib": {:hex, :cowlib, "1.0.1"},
"hackney": {:hex, :hackney, "0.14.3"},
"hound": {:hex, :hound, "0.6.0"},
"httpoison": {:hex, :httpoison, "0.5.0"},
"idna": {:hex, :idna, "1.0.1"},
"phoenix": {:hex, :phoenix, "0.10.0"},
"plug": {:hex, :plug, "0.11.1"},
"poison": {:hex, :poison, "1.3.1"},
"ranch": {:hex, :ranch, "1.0.0"}}
task = Task.async fn -> perform_complex_action() end
other_time_consuming_action()
Task.await taskafter and catch do else end false fn in nil not or rescue true when| Feature | Supported | Token | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode Identifers | โ | ฮด = 0.00001 |
|
| Case Sensitivity | โ | ||
| Exceptions | โ | raise "oops, something went wrong" |
|
| Pattern Matching | โ | def fib(0), do: 1 def fib(1), do: 1 def fib(n) when n >= 2, do: fib(n-1) + fib(n-2) |
|
| Runtime Guards | โ | def abs(number) when number > 0, do: number def abs(number), do: -number |
|
| Garbage Collection | โ | ||
| Multiline Strings | โ | template = """ This is the first line. This is the second line. This is the third line. """ |
|
| Infix Notation | โ | seven = 3 + 4 |
|
| Scientific Notation | โ | 1.23e45 |
|
| Anonymous Functions | โ | fn -> IO.puts("hello world") end |
|
| Pipes | โ | "Elixir" |> String.graphemes() |> Enum.frequencies() |
|
| Streams | โ | https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Stream.html |
|
| Macros | โ | # https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Macro.html
defmodule Example do
defmacro macro_inspect(value) do
IO.inspect(value)
value
end
def fun_inspect(value) do
IO.inspect(value)
value
end
end |
|
| Polymorphism | โ | https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/Protocol.html |
|
| Range Operator | โ | 1..3 |
|
| Single Dispatch | โ | ||
| Maps | โ | %{key: "value"} |
|
| Booleans | โ | true false | |
| Binary Literals | โ | # 0b[01]+ |
|
| Integers | โ | # \d(_?\d)* |
|
| Floats | โ | # \d(_?\d)*\.\d(_?\d)*([eE][-+]?\d(_?\d)*)? |
|
| Hexadecimals | โ | # 0x[\da-fA-F]+ |
|
| Octals | โ | # 0o[0-7]+ |
|
| Strings | โ | " | "Hello world" |
| Lists | โ | my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] |
|
| Regular Expression Syntax Sugar | โ | ~r/integer: \d+/ |
|
| Print() Debugging | โ | IO.puts | |
| Message Passing | โ | send(pid, :ping) |
|
| Line Comments | โ | # | # A comment |
| Default Parameters Pattern | โ | def multiply(a, b \\ 1) do a * b end |
|
| Conditionals | โ | if true do
IO.puts("Hello world")
end |
|
| Assignment | โ | name = "John" |
|
| File Imports | โ | # Alias the module so it can be called as Bar instead of Foo.Bar alias Foo.Bar, as: Bar # Require the module in order to use its macros require Foo # Import functions from Foo so they can be called without the `Foo.` prefix import Foo # Invokes the custom code defined in Foo as an extension point use Foo |
|
| Comments | โ | # A comment |
|
| Disk Output | โ | File.write!("helloworld.txt", "Hello, world!\n") |
|
| Shebang | โ | #!/usr/bin/env elixir |
|
| Case Insensitive Identifiers | X | ||
| Multiple Dispatch | X | ||
| Units of Measure | X | ||
| Pointers | X | ||
| Semantic Indentation | X | ||
| MultiLine Comments | X |