GraphQL - Query language

GraphQL is a query language created in 2012 by Lee Byron.

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GraphQL is a data query language developed internally by Facebook in 2012 before being publicly released in 2015. It provides an alternative to REST and ad-hoc webservice architectures.. It allows clients to define the structure of the data required, and exactly the same structure of the data is returned from the server. Read more on Wikipedia...

Tags: queryLanguage
There are at least 1 GraphQL repos on GitHub
Early development of GraphQL happened in Facebook
There are 17,480 members in the GraphQL subreddit
ANTLR grammar for GraphQL
GraphQL LSP implementation
Monaco package for syntax highlighting GraphQL
GitHub supports syntax highlighting for GraphQL
Annual Reports for GraphQL
Events page for GraphQL
graphql.org was registered in 2015
See also: (3 related languages) JavaScript, Ruby, Scala
8 PLDB concepts link to GraphQL: Ace Editor, cloc, dgraph, gintonic, Noms GraphQL, Prettier, Pygments, wasmer

Example from hello-world:

{
    "Hello World"
}

Example from Linguist:

# Copyright (c) 2015, Facebook, Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
# This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
# LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
# of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.

schema {
  query: QueryType
  mutation: MutationType
}

type Foo implements Bar {
  one: Type
  two(argument: InputType!): Type
  three(argument: InputType, other: String): Int
  four(argument: String = "string"): String
  five(argument: [String] = ["string", "string"]): String
  six(argument: InputType = {key: "value"}): Type
}

interface Bar {
  one: Type
  four(argument: String = "string"): String
}

union Feed = Story | Article | Advert

scalar CustomScalar

enum Site {
  DESKTOP
  MOBILE
}

input InputType {
  key: String!
  answer: Int = 42
}

extend type Foo {
  seven(argument: [String]): Type
}

directive @skip(if: Boolean!) on FIELD | FRAGMENT_SPREAD | INLINE_FRAGMENT

directive @include(if: Boolean!)
  on FIELD
   | FRAGMENT_SPREAD
   | INLINE_FRAGMENT

GraphQL Keywords

null true false query mutation subscription extend schema directive scalar type interface union enum input implements fragment on

Language features

Feature	Supported	Example	Token
Comments	✓	# A comment
Line Comments	✓	# A comment	#
hasIds	✓	# The ID scalar type represents a unique identifier, often used to refetch an object or as the key for a cache. The ID type is serialized in the same way as a String; however, defining it as an ID signifies that it is not intended to be human‐readable. query { hero { name } droid(id: "2000") { name } }
Lists	✓
Union Types	✓	union SearchResult = Human \| Droid \| Starship
Strings	✓		"
Integers	✓
Interfaces	✓	interface Character { id: ID! name: String! friends: [Character] appearsIn: [Episode]! } type Human implements Character { id: ID! name: String! friends: [Character] appearsIn: [Episode]! starships: [Starship] totalCredits: Int } type Droid implements Character { id: ID! name: String! friends: [Character] appearsIn: [Episode]! primaryFunction: String }
Floats	✓
Enums	✓	enum Episode { NEWHOPE EMPIRE JEDI }
Booleans	✓		true false
Case Insensitive Identifiers	X
Semantic Indentation	X